This book is an overview of the processes and operations concerned with refining of crude oil into products. Air products has been a leading global supplier to the refining industry for more than 70 years providing industrial gases, equipment, gas separation and purification technologies, and innovative services and solutions. He then presents a quick overview of all the processes examined in this series, and illustrates how they all work together. This book presents basic aspects of current petroleum refining technology and economics in quite a systematic manner. Hydrogen pinch analysis of a petroleum refinery as an energy management strategy. In the refining industry, crude oil is called sweet low sulfur if its sulfur level is less than a threshold value e. This guide introduces energy efficiency opportunities available for petroleum refineries, beginning with descriptions of the trends, structure and production of the refining industry and the energy. Atmospheric and vacuum crude distillation units in petroleum refineries. Mar 01, 2015 hydrogen pinch analysis of a petroleum refinery as an energy management strategy.
Most sour crudes have sulfur levels in the range of 1. Pdf some specific processes are required to obtain pure hydrogen and the most usual one is natural gas reforming, where natural gas reacts with. Pdf considering the importance of hydrogen in crude oil refining, it is necessary to. Within its pages, you will get complete details on the excavation and. Other compounds in crude oil contain not only carbon and hydrogen, but also small but important amounts of other. The main scope of the course is to create strong basis and fundamentals regarding the processes in the petroleum refining.
Therefore, a hydrogen plant is needed on site to provide the additional hydrogen demand. It discusses the material selection criteria for a number of ferrous and nonferrous alloys used in petroleum refining and petrochemical applications. Best available tech reference document for the refining oil download link 1 download link 2. Meyers was manager of chemical process technology at trw and is now president of ramtech limited. Crude oil is a complex liquid mixture made up of a vast number of hydrocarbon compounds that consist mainly of carbon and hydrogen in differing proportions. This edition includes changes in sections covering naphthenic acid corrosion, overhead corrosion, alkylation plants, amine units, sensitization of austenitic stainless steels, hydroprocessing unit air cooler corrosion, wet hydrogen sulfide effects, corrosion in gas streams containing hydrogen sulfidecarbon dioxide mixtures, and pitting of stainless steels including super and duplex. Graphical correlations of vapor liquid kvalues for hydrogen hydrocarbon systems paper for presentation to a session on hydrocarbon property correlations, 29th midyear meeting, american petroleum institute division of refining, 11 may 1964, pp. The refining operations presented here are those concerned with blending products in an optimum. Petroleum refining processes are the chemical engineering processes and other facilities used in petroleum refineries also referred to as oil refineries to transform crude oil into useful products such as liquefied petroleum gas lpg, gasoline or petrol, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel oil and fuel oils. Download pdf petroleum refining free online new books in. Hydrogen pinch analysis of a petroleum refinery as an.
Click download or read online button to get petroleum refining book now. Systems for hydrogenation, hydrocracking and isomerization consume large amounts of hydrogen. Use and optimization of hydrogen at oil refineries author. With no new refineries being built, companies are spending their. Petroleum refining is a technology that uses fossil fuels as raw materials and chemical catalysts as a means to achieve conversion of petroleum through once, twice, and deep processing to get a series of chemical products, which are further used as the basic raw materials for synthetic fibers, synthetic rubber, plastics, chemical fertilizers and pesticides production. Acetylenebased chemicals from coal and other natural resources, robert j. Crude has a high energy density, relatively abundant, and is easily transportable. Huge quantities of data are provided so that the casestudy method can be easily applied. Fundamentals of petroleum refining download ebook pdf, epub. Handbook of petroleum refining processes, fourth edition meyers, robert on.
Petroleum refining an overview sciencedirect topics. Petric, integration of hydrogen systems in petroleum refinery, chem. In addition, small amounts of organic compounds containing sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, and metals such as vanadium, nickel, iron, and copper are also present. Pdf integration of hydrogen systems in petroleum refinery. Although there are a number of books on petroleum refining, very few of them can be considered suitable for teaching the subject in a manner that integrates engineering fundamentals and petroleum refining technology. University of zagreb petroleum refining and petrochemical. Hydrogen production and management for petroleum processing. An extensive glossary and dictionary of the terms and expressions used in petroleum refining, plus appendices supplying data such as converging factors and selected crude oil assays, as well as an example of optimizing a refinery configuration using linear programming are all included to aid the reader. The book covers important topics, such as clean fuels, gasification, biofuels, and. Petroleum refining download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. Every process step must be accurately monitored to. Handbook of petroleum refining processes electronic. The authors have over two decades of experience teaching and consulting in the field of petroleum refining. The increased use of purchased hydrogen has implications for the refining industrys use of natural gas as a feedstock.
The purpose of removing the sulfur, and creating products such as ultralowsulfur diesel, is to reduce the sulfur dioxide so. In addition, small amounts of organic compounds containing sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, and metals such as vanadium, nickel. The initial process, thermal reforming, was developed in the late 1920s. Click download or read online button to get fundamentals of petroleum refining book now. Crude oil to the consuming public, crude oil is the raw material that will ultimately power our vehicles, provide heating, pave our roads, and become the building blocks for many of the plastics we use. Petroleum refinery engineering abebooks passion for books. Thermal reforming employed temperatures of 510565 c 9501,050 f at moderate pressuresabout 40 bars 4 mpa, or 600 psito obtain gasolines petrols with. The basic processes for achieving this are cracking processes, in which high boiling constituents of petroleum are cracked, or thermally decomposed, into lower molecular weight, lower boiling molecules, although reforming, alkylation, polymerization, and hydrogen refining processes also have wide application in producing premiumquality products. This book is the most uptodate and comprehensive coverage of the most significant and recent changes to petroleum refining, presenting the stateofthe art to. Oguntola 2 1 department of chemical engineering, university of port harcourt, port harcourt, nigeria.
Buy fundamentals of petroleum refining book online at best prices in india on. Eia surveys petroleum refineries and provides estimates of net hydrogen demand at the refinery, natural gas feedstock used to produce hydrogen, and hydrogen production capacity on an annual basis. It is ideal for professionals who are on the outside looking in, i. Petroleum refining and the prod uction of ulsg and ulsd october 24, 2011 page 2 2. Meyers book is useless to anyone new to oil refining but may be useful in the library of an old hand. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want.
Petroleum refining at a glance petroleum refining is a unique and critical link in the petroleum supply chain, from the wellhead to the pump. Useful as a textbook, this is also an excellent, handy goto reference for the veteran engineer, a volume no chemical or process engineering library. Petroleum refining designs and applications a kayode. Eia data show that much of the growth in hydrogen use at refineries is being met through hydrogen purchased from merchant suppliers rather than from increased hydrogen production onsite at the refinery. This work highlights contemporary approaches to resource utilization and provides comprehensive coverage of technological advances in residuum conversion. With so many changes over the last few decades in equipment and processes, petroleum refining is almost a living document, constantly needing updating. The desulfurization of heavy oils and residua, james g. Materials selection for petroleum refineries and gathering. Within its pages, you will get complete details on the excavation and production of coal, diesel, and heavy crude as well as. Fundamentals of petroleum refining presents the fundamentals of thermodynamics and kinetics, and it explains the scientific background essential for understanding refinery operations. The remaining chapters discuss hydrogen production, clean fuel production, refining. Guide describes research conducted to support energy star and its work with the petroleum refining industry.
Petroleum refinery engineering multiple choice questions. Mineral industries extension services and maynard moody stephens page images at hathitrust petroleum supply annual washington, d. Petroleum refining petroleum refining naphtha reforming. Pennsylvania state college school of mineral industries, c1941, by pennsylvania state college. Fundamentals of petroleum refining 1st edition elsevier. Petroleum refining and petrochemical processes production of olefins steam cracking of hydrocarbons faculty of chemical engineering and technology university of zagreb ante jukic hr0 zagreb, savska cesta 16, p. Hydrogen volumes consumed increasingly exceed those produced in a platformer and have to be supplemented by other sources. The hydrogen production unit analysed in this paper has to supply. That is why most refineries have their own system for hydrogen generation. Mar 14, 2017 handbook of petroleum refining processes, fourth edition features chapter contributions from experts at some of the worlds leading petroleum companies, including.
Petroleum refining design and applications handbook wiley. Other readers will always be interested in your opinion of the books youve read. This paper presents the exergy and production costs evaluation of a complete hydrogen production unit of a petroleum refinery. Click download or read online button to petroleum refining book pdf for free now. Speight,2476 overland road, laramie, wy 820704808, usa 1. Introduction, products, refinerys configurations, hydrogen technologies faculty of chemical engineering and technology university of zagreb ante jukic zavod za tehnologiju nafte i petrokemiju hr0 zagreb, savska cesta 16, p. Oddly, only one reference book proved adequate, in my opinion, in explaining refinery science. In processing crude oil 84% by volume of the hydrocarbons are converted into such products. Handbook of petroleum refining processes, fourth edition features chapter contributions from experts at some of the worlds leading petroleum companies, including.
An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is transformed and refined into more useful products such as petroleum naphtha, gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas, jet fuel and fuel oils. It illustrates stateoftheart engineering methods for the refinement of heavy oils, bitumen, and other highsulphur feedstocks. Catalysis of organic reactions, edited by william r. With increase in the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms in hydrocarbon molecules, the density of petroleum products. The physical and chemical properties of petroleum and petroleum products are described, along with major modern refining processes. William lefflers petroleum refining in nontechnical language, 4th edition is a comprehensive overview of key refining topics by using relevant analogies, easytounderstand graphs, formulas, and illustrations. The text also provides a detailed introduction to refinery engineering topics, ranging from the basic principles and unit operations to overall refinery economics. The others, including petroleum refining, technology and economics, by james gary, glenn handwerk, and mark kaiser, refining processes handbook, by surinder parkash, and even the venerable petroleum processing handbook, by bland and davidson. Products purchased from third party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read fundamentals of petroleum refining. Hydrogen for refineries is increasingly provided by. Not only legislation but more extensive processing of residues and higher diesel demand compared with petrol will also increase hydrogens demand. Fundamentals of petroleum refining ebook written by mohamed a.
Leffler outlines ways the refiners utilize hydrogen to remove contaminants and unwanted molecules from the refinery. This book is the most uptodate and comprehensive coverage of the most significant and recent changes to petroleum refining, presenting the stateoftheart to. Corrosion in petroleum refining and petrochemical operations. Hydrocracking, a catalytic cracking process conducted in the presence of hydrogen, was developed to be a versatile manufacturing process for increasing the yields of either gasoline or jet fuels. The most widespread process for rearranging hydrocarbon molecules is naphtha reforming.
Fundamentals of petroleum refining ebook, 2010 worldcat. The other links add value to petroleum mainly by moving and storing it e. The petroleum refinery engineers handbook by strachan, j f and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at. Hydrogen generation for modern refineries with increasing demand for diesel, more stringent product specifications for cleaner fuels, reduced fuel oil demand and the economic advantages in processing heavier sourer crudes, the demand for hydrogen in refineries continues to grow. Financial and economic aspects of petroleum refining processes alternative fuels, such as hydrogen and biofuels environmental and safety issues in petroleum processing new test methods, specifications, and quality of various petroleum products refinery inspection and maintenance new advances and trends towards future refineries. Integration of hydrogen systems in petroleum refinery article pdf available in chemical and biochemical engineering quarterly 303. Because the total amount of hydrogen demand is known, and onsite production in the refinery smrs can be. Refineries also produce some byproduct hydrogen from the catalytic reforming of naphtha into higher value highoctane products, but that supply meets only a fraction of their hydrogen needs. This book is the most uptodate and comprehensive coverage of the most significant and recent changes to petroleum refining, presenting the stateoftheart to the engineer, scientist, or student. Air products offers fullyintegrated hydrogen fueling stations.
This book presents the basic aspects of current petroleum refining technology and economics in a systematic manner. There is a renaissance that is occurring in chemical and process engineering, and it is crucial for todays scientists, engineers, technicians, and operators to stay current. Fundamentals of petroleum refining download ebook pdf. Hydrogen generation consists of several steps including steam reforming, shift conversion, co 2 separation and cleaning. Buy fundamentals of petroleum refining book online at low. Petroleum refining download petroleum refining ebook pdf or read online books in pdf, epub, and mobi format.
Hydrodesulfurization hds is a catalytic chemical process widely used to remove sulfur s from natural gas and from refined petroleum products, such as gasoline or petrol, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and fuel oils. Chemically resistant masonry, walter lee sheppard, jr. The streams coming from processing units are not finished products. Purchase fundamentals of petroleum refining 1st edition. The chemistry and technology of petroleum, james g. Petroleum is converted into energy rich fuels such as gasoline, diesel, jet, heating, liquid petroleum gas lpg, and other fuel oils. Hydrogen pinch analysis of a petroleum refinery as an energy. Leffler wins out because his process descriptions are fairly detailed compared to the others. Our products and services are aimed at solving our customers technical, commercial, or costrelated challenges. Classifying refineries by configuration and complexity. Although refineries produce a significant quantity of hydrogen needed for hydrotreating and hydroconversion processes, in most cases, additional hydrogen is needed particularly for refining the sour crudes.
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